How is a market failure corrected?

July 8, 2024 No Comments

Imperfect market outcomes are corrected through a reallocation of resources or change in incentive structure. Economists have different opinions about the nature of market failures and what (if any) measures need to be taken to prevent or correct them. What is a Market Failure? It’s

How is an economy formed and why does it grow?

July 8, 2024 No Comments

A: Broadly speaking, an economy is an inter-related system of human labor, exchange and consumption. An economy forms naturally from aggregated human action – a spontaneous order, much like language. Individuals trade with each other to improve their standards of living. Improved standards of living

How is covariance used in portfolio theory?

July 8, 2024 No Comments

A: Covariance is used in portfolio theory to determine what assets to include in the portfolio. Covariance is a statistical measure of the directional relationship between two asset prices. Portfolio theory uses this statistical measurement to reduce the overall risk for a portfolio. A positive

How is marginal analysis used in making a managerial decision?

July 8, 2024 No Comments

A: Marginal analysis plays a crucial role in managerial economics, the study and application of economic concepts, to managerial decisions. The idea is to predict and measure the impact of per unit changes on an organization’s goals, ultimately identifying the optimal resource allocation given the

How is marginal revenue related to the marginal cost of production?

July 8, 2024 No Comments

A: The marginal cost of production and marginal revenue are economic measures used to determine the amount of output and the price per unit of a product that will maximize profits. A rational company always seeks to maximize its profit, and the relationship between marginal revenue

How is productivity calculated?

July 8, 2024 No Comments

A: Productivity measures the efficiency of a company’s production process. It is calculated by dividing the outputs produced by a company by the inputs used in its production process. Common inputs are labor hours, capital and natural resources, while outputs are generally measured in sales

How is profit maximized in a monopolistic market?

July 8, 2024 No Comments

A: In a monopolistic market, there is only one firm that produces a product. There is absolute product differentiation because there is no substitute. One characteristic of a monopolist is that it is a profit maximizer. Since there is no competition in a monopolistic market,

How is the cost of living index calculated?

July 8, 2024 No Comments

A: There is no official cost of living index created or reported by the U.S. government. Unofficial indexes are offered by multiple organizations to track costs of living in different regions. An example is the ACCRA Cost of Living Index (ACCRA COLI), produced by the Council

How is the stock market affected by Thanksgiving and Black Friday?

July 8, 2024 No Comments

A: Black Friday – the name given to the first day after Thanksgiving – is one of the most important retail and spending events in the United States. Every holiday season, prognosticators make predictions about the level of sales on Black Friday, and investor confidence

How many multinational corporations operate in China?

July 8, 2024 No Comments

A: A very large group of multinational corporations operate in China, both Western and otherwise. China is one of the world’s fastest-growing economies, and its inhabitants make up almost 20% of the world’s population. Since its adoption of free-market principles, China has become one of

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