How are investment banks regulated in the United States?

June 30, 2024 No Comments

A: Investment banks in the United States are continuously reviewed and regulated by the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. They are also intermittently regulated and investigated by Congress. Technically, investment banks exist because they were legally distinguished from commercial banks through prior acts of

How can a change in fiscal policy have a multiplier effect on the economy?

June 30, 2024 No Comments

A: A change in fiscal policy has a multiplier effect on the economy because fiscal policy affects spending, consumption and investment levels in the economy. The multiplier effect is the amount that additional government spending affects income levels in the country. The two major mechanisms

How can industrialization affect the national economy of less developed countries (LDCs)?

June 30, 2024 No Comments

A: Industrialization – the period of transformation from an agricultural economy to an urban, mass-producing economy – has accompanied every period of sustained per capita gross domestic product (GDP) growth in recorded history. Less than 20% of the world’s population live in industrialized nations, yet

How Can Inflation Be Good for the Economy?

June 30, 2024 No Comments

A: Inflation is and has been a highly debated phenomenon in economics. Even the use of the word “inflation” has different meanings in different contexts. Many economists, businessmen, and politicians maintain that moderate inflation levels are needed to drive consumption–operating under the larger, overarching assumption that higher

How can the federal reserve increase aggregate demand?

June 30, 2024 No Comments

A: The Federal Reserve can increase aggregate demand in indirect ways by lowering interest rates. Aggregate demand is a measure of the total consumption of goods and services over any time period. Aggregate demand is the most important ingredient that can be targeted by the

How can the problem of asymmetric information be overcome?

June 30, 2024 No Comments

A: Asymmetric information is inherent in most, if not all, markets. To take a basic example, a patient admitted to a hospital probably has less information about illness and recovery options than the doctor does. Markets compensate for this by developing agency relationships where both

How can you find the demand function from the utility function?

June 30, 2024 No Comments

A: A consumer’s budget constraint is used with the utility function to derive the demand function. The utility function describes the amount of satisfaction a consumer gets from a particular bundle of goods. Say there are two goods a consumer can choose from, x and y.

How did John Maynard Keynes influence business cycle theory?

June 30, 2024 No Comments

A: John Maynard Keynes created the theoretical arguments for a new type of economic strategy: government intervention used to smooth out the business cycle. Keynes died in 1946, but his ideas created the Keynesian school of economics and led to the development of macroeconomics. Keynes’

How did mass production affect the price of consumer goods?

June 30, 2024 No Comments

A: Before the advent of mass production, goods were usually manufactured on a made-to-order basis. Once mass production was developed and perfected, consumer goods could be made for the broadest possible market. Anything consumers needed or desired could be made in larger quantities. Mass production

Are monopolies always bad?

June 30, 2024 No Comments

A: Monopolies over a particular commodity, market or aspect of production are considered good or economically advisable in cases where free market competition would be economically inefficient, the price to consumers should be regulated, or high risk and high entry costs inhibit initial investment in

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